Definition
The Medical Simulator Taxonomy categorizes simulation tools based on their technological complexity and the specific clinical skills they are designed to train.
Why It Matters
A clear taxonomy for medical simulators ensures that training is matched to the specific task; using the wrong level of fidelity leads to ‘negative training’—where students learn the wrong reflexes for a life-or-death situation.
Core Concepts
The taxonomy generally includes five levels of simulation:
- Low-Tech Simulators: Cadavers, simple models, or mannequins used for basic physical maneuvers (e.g., Resusci-Anne for CPR).
- Standardized Patients (SP): Trained actors for clinical and communication skills (see Standardized Patient (SP)).
- Screen-Based Computer Simulators: Programs to train clinical knowledge and decision-making (e.g., triage management).
- Complex Task Trainers: High-fidelity devices for specific procedures (e.g., LapVR for laparoscopic surgery, Suture Tutor). They often use haptic feedback.
- Realistic Patient Simulators: Computer-driven, full-length mannequins with simulated anatomy and physiology (e.g., SimOne, NOELLE).